انتخاب تجهیزات مناسب فیزیوتراپی
فیزیوتراپ ها در روند درمان بیماران خود، از انواع تجهیزات فیزیوتراپی استفاده می کند. این تجهیزات عبارتند از: محرک های الکتریکی، واحد های کرایوتراپی و واحد های فشار درمانی.
محرک های الکتریکی در تجهیزات فیزیوتراپی
دستگاه های الکتروتراپی چندین نوع جریان برق را با دامنه و فرکانس های مختلف، وارد بدن می کنند. آن ها معمولاً برای تسکین دردها، آماده سازی بدن بعد از عمل های جراحی و ریکاوری ورزشی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند.
محرک های اولتراسون
این دستگاه ها تحت عنوان واحدهای دیاترمی اولتراسوند نیز شناخته می شوند. امواج این دستگاه برای درمان درد و التهاب مفاصل یا تاندون ها، به این نواحی نفوذ می کنند.
واحدهای گرما تراپی
تجهیزات گرما درمانی از هوای گرم و سرد برای درمان درد، التهاب، ادم، ضایعات پوستی و پارگی های عضلانی استفاده می کنند. از طرف دیگر دستگاه های کرایوتراپی به طور انحصاری، از درمان سرد استفاده می کنند.
واحدهای درمان تکار
این درمان شامل انتقال جریان با فرکانس بالا (در نوسان بین فرکانس های 300 کیلوهرتز تا 1 مگا هرتز) بوده و ترکیب حالت خازنی و مقاومتی دارند. این تجهیزات در فیزیوتراپی می تواند، التهاب و ادم را با تشویق به بازسازی سلولی و سیکاتریزاسیون درمان کند. همچنین از این دستگاه برای درمان درد مفاصل نیز استفاده می شود.
لیزر ها در تجهیزات فیزیوتراپی
لیزرهای فیزیوتراپی، در طول موج ها و قدرت عای خاصی ساطع می شوند. آن ها در موارد آسیب شناسی آرتریت و آسیب های ورزشی استفاده می شوند. دستگاه های لیزر درمانی در دو نوع سطح پایین (دستگاه های LLLT) و دستگاه های لیزر درمانی با توان بالا (دستگاه های HPLT) وجود دارند.
واحد های مغناطیسی درمانی
این واحد ها، جریانی از امواج مغناطیسی ایجاد می کنند که با نفوذ به بافت، عملکردهای بیولوژیکی را تنظیم می کنند. مدل های اخیر این واحدها اغلب با میدان های الکترومغناطیسی پالسی کار می کنند.
واحدهای فشار درمانی
واحدهای فشار درمانی، گردش خون و مایع لنفاوی را با استفاده از سلول های پر از هوا، فعال کرده و به طور مداوم آن ها را باد می کنند. بنا براین طبق این فرآیند بر اندام مورد نظر، فشار وارد می شود. از این تجهیزات در فیزیوتراپی، می توان برای تخلیه لنف ها، کاهش سلولیت، پیشگیری از واریس، احتباس آب و بازیابی عضلات استفاده کرد.
واحدهای درمان موج شوک برون بدنی
ژنتراتورهای شوک درمانی، امواج شوک شعاعی را ارائه می دهند. که می تواند فعالیت متابولیک را تحریک کند و به دنبال آن سبب افزایش جریان خون بشود. از آن ها برای درمان تاندونوپاتی ها، کلسیفیکاسیون ها، آرتروز زانو و درد در شانه ،درشت نی، تاندون آشیل و پاشنه پا استفاده می شود.
کدام یک را انتخاب می کنید؟
معیار های مختلفی برای انتخاب یک محرک الکتریکی وجود دارد، مانند: نوع جریان موجود، قابل حمل بودن یا استقلال باطری آن. در ادامه به بررسی تعدادی از تجهیزات فیزیوتراپی می پردازیم.
فیزیوتراپی ی ام اس( تحریک الکترونیکی عضلات)
این روش به استفاده از الکترود ها بر روی گروهی از عضلات اشاره دارد و تکانه های الکتریکی ارسال شده توسط دستگاه به ورزشکاران کمک می کند تا توده عضلانی قوی به دست آوردند.
فیزیوتراپیتنس (تحریک الکتریکی عصب ازطریق پوست)
این درمان برای تسکین درد استفاده می شود و شامل یک سیگنال فرکانس بالا می باشد که به ناحیه دردناک اعمال می شود. تنس اعصاب را تحریک می کند. و برای دردهای از جمله:آرتروز، درد مفاصل و عضلات، کمر درد، میگرن، دردهای عصبی و رفع انقباضات ناشی از استرس مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد.
فیزیوتراپی NMES (تحریک الکتریکی عصبی عضلانی)
این درمان برای تحریک عضلانی آتروفی یا آسیب دیده استفاده می شود.
جمع بندی
از همه تجهیزات فیزیوتراپی نام برده و شرح داده شده در بالا، باید تحت نظر پزشک متخصص استفاده شود. حتی در برخی از درمان های فیزیوتراپی، متخصص تشخیص می دهد که باید چند روش و دستگاه ها با هم ترکیب کرد و از همه آن ها به طور ترکیبی استفاده کرد. این تجهیزات می توانند تاثیر به سزایی در بهبود سریع بیمار داشته باشند.
مرکز فیزیوتراپی مدنی طرف قرار داد بسیاری از شرکت های بیمه رسمی در کشور
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