روند تاثیرگذاری فیزیوتراپی در درمان سیاتیک
فیزیوتراپی در درمان سیاتیک می تواند به عنوان بهترین روش ها شناخته شود. برای بهبودی بیشتر و کاهش درد فرد مبتلا به سیاتیک، فیزیوتراپ ها تاکید بر آزاد سازی فشار بر روی عصب مذکور خواهند داشت.
در واقع تمامی حرکات اصلاحی توصیه شده جهت کاهش این درد و کم کردن تحریک عصب ها صورت می گیرد. جهت دسترسی به این هدف، فیزیوتراپیست ها با در نظر داشتن شدت ابتلا به برنامه ریزی درمانی خواهند پرداخت.
همچنین امکان دارد برای تاثیرگذاری بیشتر جلوگیری از بازگشت بیماری از تجهیزاتی همچون الکتروتراپی نیز استفاده شود.
تاثیر روش های الکتروتراپی
همانطور که در مطالب قبل نیز به آن اشاره شد، یکی از تجهیزات کاربردی برای رفع این بیماری و جلوگیری از بازگشت آن، استفاده از الکتروتراپی خواهد بود.
الکتروتراپی یکی از متعدد ترین و موثر ترین روش های درمانی در فیزیوتراپی شناخته می شود که طبق نظر پزشک و با نظارت فیزیوتراپیست انجام خواهد شد. برای درمان درد سیاتیک نیز از دو روش درمانی الکتروتراپی استفاده می کنند که در ادامه به بررسی هر دو روش خواهیم پرداخت.
روش درمانی اولتراسونیک
روش درمانی اولتراسونیک به عنوان یک عملکرد درمانی فیزیوتراپی شناخته می شود. در این روش جهت درمان بیمار و کاهش فشار و تحریک عصب ها، از اشعه های اوتراسوند استفاده خواهند کرد.
این اشعه نوعی سونوگرافی درمانی است که کاهنده فشار وارد شده به سیاتیک خواهد بود. البته این روش برای بهبود مبتلایان به دیسک کمر و سندرم پیریفورمیس بسیار کارآمد عمل می کند.
درمان اولتراسونیک به عنوان اشعه درمانی حرارتی محسوب می شود که با دسترسی به عمیق ترین لایه ها موجب کاهش تحریکات عصبی خواهد شد.
روش درمانی (TENS)
این روش درمانی به عنوان تحریک عصب ها از طریق پوست شناخته می شود. این درمان به عنوان تاثرگذارترین روش های الکترودرمانی در فیزیوتراپی معرفی شده است.
این روش توسط اتصال دستگاهی بر روی بدن بیمار اجرا خواهد شد، به گونه ای که پس از ایجاد اتصال های لازم دستگاه به تحریک های الکتریکی را بر روی سطح بدن بیمار به وجود خواهد آورد.
علل بروز بیماری سیاتیک
سیاتیک نام بلند ترین و اساسی ترین رشته عصبی موجود در بدن است. با تحمیل فشار زیاد بر روی این ناحیه درد های ناگواری ایجاد می شود که تحمل آن برای هر انسانی طاقت فرسا خواهد بود. سیاتیک می تواند از پیامد های ابتلا به بیماری دیسک کمر، تنگی کانال نخاعی و سندرم پیریفورمیس باشد.
همچنین می توان گفت: سبک زندگی غلط و اشتغال به کار های سنگین می تواند از عوامل ابتلا به این بیماری ناگوار محسوب شود.
چه افرادی در معرض ابتلا هستند؟
همانطور که در مطالب فوق نیز به آن اشاره شد، سبک زندگی نادرست و اشتغال به شغل های سنگین می تواند احتمال ابتلا به این بیماری را افزایش دهد.
البته دور از انتظار نیست که افراد دیگری در معرض ابتلا به این بیماری قرار داشته باشند، به همین علت در ادامه مطالب به بررسی این دست از اشخاص خواهیم پرداخت.
- افرادی که اشتغال به شغل های باربری هستند و از قدرت بدنی خود استفاده می کنند.
- مبتلایان به دیابت
- خانم های باردار
- مصرف بیش از حد دخانیات و به دنبال آن تضعیف اعصاب
- نشستن برای ساعات طولانی
- افرادی که دارای افزایش وزن هستند.
- اشخاص مسن و سالمند
- مبتلایان به تومور های لگن
درباره علائم ابتلا به سیاتیک
در ابتدا ابتلا به این بیماری، افراد مبتلا شاهد بروز علائم خاصی در بدن خود خواهند بود. این علائم نیز می تواند با درد فراوانی همراه باشد و به همین علت توصیه می شود با مشاهده هر یک از علائم زیر به پزشک متخصص مراجعه نمایید تا از پیشرفت بیماری جلوگیری های لازم انجام گردد.
- ایجاد درد در ران، باشن و پشت پا
- گزگز کردن اندام تحتانی
- بی حس شدن اندام های پایینی بدن
- عدم تسهیل و احساس درد به هنگام نشستن
- احساس درد شدید و بسیار در قسمت کمر
- بروز اختلالت رفلکسی در اندام های حرکتی
- ایجاد اختلال در راه رفتن
- احساس سوزش و سردی در قسمت های ران و ساق پا
- بی حسی
- ایجاد درد های انتشاری
- متورم شدن پا ها یا محل درد
بررسی روش های درمانی برای بهبود این بیماری
این بیماری همچون سایر بیماری ها در صورت حاد شدن و افزایش وخامت، نیازمند به انجام جراحی های لازم زیر نظر متخصص خواهد بود. با این حال روش های درمانی متعددی هستند که قابلیت رفع این بیماری و بهبود آن را خواهند داشت.
البته نکته حائز اهمیت این است که در تمامی روش های معرفی شده هدف علاوه بر بهبود و کاهش فشار وارد شده بر عصب ها، عدم بازگشت این بیماری خواهد بود. بنابراین بسیار عادی است که اگر روند درمان نیازمند به زمان بسیاری باشد.
در ادامه مطالب جهت تکمیل اطلاعات فوق به بررسی این روش های درمانی خواهیم پرداخت.
- انجام درمان های دستی
- افزایش تحرک
- انجام حرکات کششی و افزایش انعطاف کمر
- استفاده از بریس سیاتیک
- کاهش وزن
- اعمال اصلاحات سبک زندگی
- داشتن برنامه ریزی غذایی مناسب
- پیروی از روش های فیزیوتراپی
- استفاده از دارو های کاهنده درد
- انجام تزریقات مرتبط با درمان سیاتیک
خلاصه مطالب
فیزیوتراپی در درمان سیاتیک از موثر ترین روش های غیر جراحی شناخته می شود. در این درمان بسیار اهمیت دارد که درد تحمیل شده به سیاتیک کاهش یافته و در پی طی کردن روند درمان و برنامه ریزی های مرتب با آن احتمال بازگشت بیماری وجود نداشته باشد.
البته قابل ذکر است که اعمال این روش های درمانی در کنار توصیه حرکات اصلاحی از دستگاه های الکترودرمانی نیز استفاده خواهد شد.
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